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Development of the back muscles is tied in closely with development of the shoulder, posterior thigh and hip muscles . To better understand the role of each exercise, it is necessary to understand the various joint and muscle actions.   Joint Actions and Muscles Most Involved Lower back: Extension hypertension – erector spinae Lateral flexion […]

Understanding the abdominal muscles and their relationship to movements of the spine. 1) Rectus abdominus — flexion, lateral flexion. 2) External oblique — flexion, lateral flexion, rotation forward, forced exhalation. 3) Internal oblique — flexion, lateral flexion, rotation forward, forced exhalation. 4) Transversus abdominis — forced exhalation, holding in viscera. To fully develop each of

Strength, the ability to create and/or maintain force, is perhaps the most important physical quality for success in sports. The main reason for this is that strength is related to many other physical and mental qualities. For example: 1) Strength is needed to assume and maintain static and dynamic posture. In execution of sports skills,

The term power has come to have many meanings. It is probably due to the popularity of powerlifting in which heavy weights are lifted at a slow speed. In the eyes of many coaches, such lifts have come to mean power. The more weight you lift, the greater the power you exhibit. Technically this is

The Russians were very advanced when it came to not only treatment of an athlete with injuries but also post-treatment and recovery. They did not have the sophisticated equipment that is typically seen in the U.S., but even with their meager equipment, they were capable of doing an excellent job of working with the athletes